Ist ein Ausgangssignal am Soma, dem Zellkörper einer Nervenzelle, hoch genug, so pflanzt sich dieses entlang der Membran des Axons in rasender Geschwindigkeit fort.
Dabei ändert sich das sogenannte Ruhepotenzial der Axonmembran, das einen negativen Wert hat:
Natrium-Ionenkanäle öffnen sich, und positiv geladene Natrium Ionen strömen von ausserhalb in den Axonkörper.
www.ethlife.ethz.chIf an electrical signal within a cell body, close to the axon initial segment, is large enough, it enters the axon and propagates along its length at a high speed.
This is achieved by alterations in the so-called resting potential of the axon membrane, which usually has a steady negative value.
Sodium ion channels open, and because of a concentration gradient, positively charged sodium ions from outside the axon travel into the axon.
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