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الشّيْبُ
classe ouvrière
Oxford-Hachette French Dictionary
I. working class N
working class
classe f ouvrière
the working classes
les classes fpl laborieuses
II. working class ADJ
working class area, background, childhood, family, life
ouvrier/-ière
working class culture, London
prolétarien/-ienne
working class person
de la classe ouvrière
Oxford-Hachette French Dictionary
classe ouvrière
working class
populaire quartier, banlieue
working-class
classe populaire
working class
une classe studieuse
a hard-working class
faubourg
working class area (on the outskirts)
popu
working-class
Oxford-Hachette French Dictionary
I. work [Brit wəːk, Am wərk] N
1. work (physical or mental activity):
work
travail m (on sur)
to be at work on sth
être en train de travailler à qc
to watch sb at work
regarder qn (en train de) travailler
to go to or set to or get to work
se mettre au travail
to go to or set to or get to work on sth
se mettre à travailler à or faire qc
to set to work doing
se mettre à faire
to put a lot of work into essay, speech
travailler
to put a lot of work into meal, preparations
passer beaucoup de temps sur
to put a lot of work into doing
passer beaucoup de temps à faire
to put or set sb to work
faire travailler qn
we put him to work doing
nous lui avons donné pour tâche de faire
it was hard work doing
ça a été dur de faire
to be hard at work
travailler consciencieusement
your essay needs more work
tu dois travailler davantage ta rédaction
there's still a lot of work to be done
il reste encore beaucoup à faire
I've got work to do
j'ai du travail à faire
to make short or light work of sth
expédier qc
to make short work of sb
envoyer promener qn
it's all in a day's work
c'est une question d'habitude
‘good or nice work’ (on written work)
‘bon travail’
‘good or nice work’ (orally)
‘c'est bien!’
it's hot/thirsty work
ça donne chaud/soif
2. work (occupation):
work
travail m
to be in work
avoir du travail or un emploi
to look for work
chercher du travail
day/night work
travail de jour/nuit
place of work
lieu m de travail
to start or begin work (daily)
commencer le travail
to start or begin work (for the first time)
commencer à travailler
to stop work (at the end of the day)
terminer son travail
to stop work (on retirement)
cesser de travailler
to be off work (on vacation)
être en congé
to be off work with flu
être en arrêt de travail parce qu'on a la grippe
to be out of work
être au chômage
nice work if you can get it inf!
c'est une bonne planque! inf
nice work if you can get it inf! attr clothes, shoes
de travail
3. work (place of employment):
work (office)
bureau m
work (factory)
usine f
to go to work
aller au travail
don't phone me at work
ne me téléphone pas à mon travail
there's a canteen at work
il y a une cantine à mon travail
there's a canteen at work attr phone number
au travail
4. work (building, construction):
work
travaux mpl (on sur)
5. work (papers):
to take one's work home lit
emporter du travail chez soi
to take one's work home fig
ramener ses soucis professionnels à sa famille
spread your work out on the table
étale tes papiers sur la table
6. work (achievement, product):
work (essay, report)
travail m
work (artwork, novel, sculpture)
œuvre f (by de)
work (study)
ouvrage m (by de, on sur)
an exhibition of work by young artists
une exposition d'œuvres de jeunes artistes
he sells his work to tourists
il vend ses créations aux touristes
is this all your own work?
est-ce que vous l'avez fait tout seul?
to mark students' work
noter les devoirs des étudiants
his work isn't up to standard
son travail n'a pas le niveau requis
the research was the work of a team
la recherche était l'œuvre d'une équipe
a work of genius
une œuvre de génie
a work of fiction
une œuvre de fiction
a work of reference
un ouvrage de référence
this attack is the work of professionals
l'attaque est l'œuvre de professionnels
I hope you're pleased with your work! iron
j'espère que tu es fier de ton œuvre! iron
the works of Shakespeare/Flaubert
l'œuvre m de Shakespeare/Flaubert
7. work PHYS:
work
travail m
8. work (research):
work
recherches fpl (on sur)
there is still a lot of work to be done on the virus
il y a encore beaucoup de recherches à faire sur le virus
9. work (effect):
to go to work drug, detergent:
agir
the weedkiller has done its work
l'herbicide a été efficace
II. works N npl
1. works (factory):
works
usine f
works canteen
cantine f de l'usine
2. works (building work):
works
travaux mpl
public works
travaux publics
3. works (everything) inf:
the (full or whole) works
toute la panoplie inf
III. work [Brit wəːk, Am wərk] VB trans
1. work (drive):
to work sb hard
surmener qn
2. work (labour):
to work shifts
travailler en équipes (de travail posté)
to work days/nights
travailler de jour/de nuit
to work one's passage NAUT
travailler pour payer son voyage
to work one's way through university
travailler pour payer ses études
to work one's way through a book/document
lire un livre/document
to work a 40 hour week
faire la semaine de 40 heures
3. work (operate):
work computer, equipment, lathe
se servir de
4. work (exploit commercially):
work oil-field, land, mine, seam
exploiter
5. work (have as one's territory) representative:
work region
couvrir
beggars/prostitutes work the streets around the station
les mendiants/prostituées occupent les rues autour de la gare
6. work (consume):
to work one's way through (use) amount, quantity
utiliser
to work one's way through two whole cakes
manger deux gâteaux entiers
7. work (bring about):
to work wonders/miracles lit, fig
faire des merveilles/miracles
the landscape started to work its magic on me
la magie du paysage a commencé à faire effet
8. work (use to one's advantage):
to work the system
profiter du système
can you work it for me to get tickets?
peux-tu t'arranger pour m'avoir des billets?
how did you manage to work it?
comment as-tu pu arranger ça?
I've worked things so that…
j'ai arrangé les choses de sorte que…
9. work (fashion):
work clay, dough, gold, iron
travailler
to work sth to a soft consistency
travailler qc pour le rendre malléable
to work gold into jewellery
travailler l'or pour en faire des bijoux
10. work (embroider):
work design
broder (into sur)
to be worked in blue silk
être brodé à la soie bleue
11. work (manoeuvre):
to work sth into slot, hole
introduire qc dans
to work a lever up and down
actionner un levier
12. work (exercise):
work muscles, biceps
faire travailler
13. work (move):
to work one's way through crowd
se frayer un passage à travers
to work one's way along ledge, sill
avancer le long de
to work one's hands free
se libérer les mains
to work the rope loose
desserrer la corde
it worked its way loose, it worked itself loose
il s'est desserré peu à peu
to work its way into bloodstream, system, food, chain
passer dans
start at the top and work your way down
commencez par le haut et continuez jusqu'en bas
IV. work [Brit wəːk, Am wərk] VB intr
1. work (engage in activity):
work
travailler (doing à faire)
to work at the hospital/the factory
travailler à l'hôpital/l'usine
to work at home
travailler à domicile
to work as a midwife/teacher
travailler comme sage-femme/professeur
to work for sb
travailler pour qn
to work for Grant and Company
travailler pour la Société Grant
to work in advertising/publishing
travailler dans la publicité/l'édition
to work with young people
travailler avec les jeunes
to work for a living
gagner sa vie
to work in oils/watercolours artist:
travailler à l'huile/l'aquarelle
2. work (strive):
work
lutter (against contre, for pour, to do pour faire)
to work against corruption
lutter contre la corruption
to work towards solution
se diriger vers
to work towards compromise
s'acheminer vers
to work towards agreement
négocier
3. work (function):
work equipment, machine:
fonctionner, marcher
work institution, system, heart, brain:
fonctionner
to work on electricity/on gas
marcher or fonctionner à l'électricité/au gaz
to work off the mains
marcher sur le secteur
the washing machine isn't working
la machine à laver est en panne or ne marche pas
4. work (act, operate):
it doesn't or things don't work like that
ça ne marche pas comme ça
to work on the assumption that …
présumer que …
to work in sb's favour, to work to sb's advantage
tourner à l'avantage de qn
to work against sb, to work to sb's disadvantage
jouer en la défaveur de qn
5. work (be successful):
work treatment:
avoir de l'effet
work detergent, drug:
agir (against contre, on sur)
work spell:
agir
work plan, plot:
réussir
work argument, hypothesis:
tenir debout
flattery won't work with me
la flatterie ne marche pas avec moi
the adaptation really works
l'adaptation est vraiment réussie
I didn't think the novel would work as a film
je ne pensais pas qu'on pouvait tirer un bon film de ce roman
6. work (move):
work face, features:
se contracter
V. work [Brit wəːk, Am wərk] VB refl
1. work (labour):
to work oneself too hard
se surmener
to work oneself to death
se tuer à la tâche
2. work (rouse):
to work oneself into a rage
se mettre en colère
to work oneself into a frenzy (with anger)
se mettre en rage
to work oneself into a frenzy (with hysteria)
devenir hystérique
VI. work [Brit wəːk, Am wərk]
to work one's way up
gravir tous les échelons
to work one's way up the company
faire son chemin dans l'entreprise
I. working [Brit ˈwəːkɪŋ, Am ˈwərkɪŋ] N
1. working (functioning):
working
fonctionnement m
2. working (shaping, preparation):
working
travail m (of de)
3. working (draft solution):
working
calculs mpl
candidates must show all working
les candidats doivent montrer leurs calculs
4. working:
working (mine)
chantier m de mine
working (quarry)
chantier m de carrière
II. workings N
workings npl lit, fig:
workings
rouages mpl
the workings of the human mind
les rouages de l'esprit humain
III. working [Brit ˈwəːkɪŋ, Am ˈwərkɪŋ] ADJ
1. working (professional):
working parent, woman, mother
qui travaille
working conditions, environment, methods
de travail
working population
actif/-ive
working life
actif/-ive, professionnel/-elle
working breakfast, lunch, day, week
de travail
during working hours (in office)
pendant les heures de bureau
during working hours (in shop)
pendant les heures de travail
the working woman
la femme active
working mothers
les mères qui travaillent
we have a good working relationship
nous avons de bons rapports professionnels
2. working (provisional):
working document, hypothesis
de travail
working definition, title
provisoire
3. working (functional):
working model
qui fonctionne
working farm, mine
en exploitation
to have a working knowledge of
connaître les éléments de base de
in full working order
en parfait état de marche
4. working FIN:
working expenses, plant, ratio, stock
d'exploitation
I. class [Brit klɑːs, Am klæs] N
1. class SOCIOL:
class
classe f
the working classes
la classe ouvrière
2. class:
class SCHOOL, UNIV (group of students)
classe f
class (lesson)
cours m (in de)
in class
en cours or classe
to give a class
assurer un cours
to take a class Brit
assurer un cours
to take a class Am
suivre un cours
3. class Am (year group):
class SCHOOL, UNIV
promotion f
class SCHOOL, UNIV
classe f
4. class (category):
class (gen)
classe f
class (gen)
catégorie f
class LAW (of offence)
type m
class (of vehicle)
catégorie f
class NAUT (of ship, submarine)
classe f
to be in a class of one's own or by oneself
être hors catégorie
she's in a different class from
il n'y a aucune comparaison possible entre elle et
he's not in the same class as
il n'arrive pas à la cheville de
5. class (elegance):
class inf
classe f
to have class
avoir de la classe
to add a touch of class to sth
donner un peu de distinction à qc
6. class TRANSP:
class
classe f
to travel first/second class
voyager en première/deuxième classe
a first/second class seat
une place de première/deuxième classe
7. class Brit UNIV:
class
≈ mention f
what was the class of your degree?
≈ est-ce que vous avez eu votre licence avec mention?
a first-/second-class degree
≈ licence avec mention très bien/bien
8. class:
class BIOL, MATH
classe f
II. class [Brit klɑːs, Am klæs] ADJ inf (excellent)
class
de classe
III. class [Brit klɑːs, Am klæs] VB trans
1. class:
to class among, to class with
classer parmi
to class among, to class with
classer avec
Phrases:
to class as
assimiler à
in the PONS Dictionary
working class N
working class
classe f ouvrière
working-class ADJ
working-class
ouvrier(-ère)
in the PONS Dictionary
English
English
French
French
the middle/working class
la classe moyenne/ouvrière
working-class ethos
culture f prolétaire
French
French
English
English
prolo
working class
les milieux populaires
the working class
prolétaire
working-class
ouvrier (-ière) classe, mouvement, quartier, syndicat
working-class
être d'origine populaire
to have a working-class background
quartier populaire
working-class area
in the PONS Dictionary
I. class [klɑ:s, Am klæs] N
1. class (student group):
class
classe f
2. class (lesson):
class
cours m
3. class Am UNIV (graduates):
class
promotion f
4. class (quality):
the middle/working class
la classe moyenne/ouvrière
the upper class
la haute société
5. class (grade):
class
classe f
to send sth first/second class
envoyer qc en première/seconde classe
6. class Brit, Aus (type of degree):
class
mention f
a first class honours degree
une licence avec mention très bien
Phrases:
to be in a class of one's own
être le meilleur dans sa catégorie
to be out of sb's class
ne pas être aussi bon que qn
II. class <inv> [klɑ:s, Am klæs] ADJ
class
de classe
a world-class champion
un champion hors pair
III. class [klɑ:s, Am klæs] VB trans
class
classer
to class sb as sth
considérer qn à qc
I. work [wɜ:k, Am wɜ:rk] N
1. work no pl (useful activity):
work
travail m
to be at work
être au travail
it's hard work doing sth
c'est dur de faire qc
to put a lot of work into sth
beaucoup travailler sur qc
it needs more work essay
il faut le(la) retravailler
to do some work on the car/house
faire quelques réparations sur la voiture/dans la maison
she's at work on a novel
elle travaille sur un roman
2. work no pl (employment):
work
emploi m
to be in work
travailler
to be off work
ne pas travailler
to be out of work
être sans emploi
to get work as a translator
trouver un emploi en tant que traducteur
3. work no pl (place):
work
travail m
to be at work
être au travail
to leave for work
partir travailler
4. work no pl (sth produced by sb):
work
travail m
work in leather
travail sur cuir
to be sb's work
être l'œuvre de qn
the work of professional thieves/a craftsman
l'œuvre de voleurs professionnelles/d'un artisan
a work by Picasso
une œuvre de Picasso
works of art in bronze
œuvres d'art en bronze
5. work pl, + sing/pl vb (factory):
work
usine f
6. work pl (working parts):
work a. fig
rouages mpl
7. work pl inf (everything):
the works
la totale
Phrases:
to have one's work cut out to do sth
peiner à faire qc
II. work [wɜ:k, Am wɜ:rk] VB intr
1. work (be busy, do job):
work
travailler
to work for peace
œuvrer pour la paix
2. work (function):
work
marcher
to get sth to work
faire marcher qc
to work on batteries
fonctionner avec des piles
3. work (have effect):
work
faire effet
to work against sb/sth
agir contre qn/qc
to work for sb
agir en faveur de qn
to work both ways
agir dans les deux sens
4. work (make progress towards sth):
to work round to doing sth
réussir à faire qc
to work free
se libérer
to work loose
se desserrer
Phrases:
to work like a charm
fonctionner comme un charme
to work like a Trojan Brit, to work till you drop
travailler comme un forçat
III. work [wɜ:k, Am wɜ:rk] VB trans
1. work (make sb work):
work
faire travailler
to work oneself to death
se tuer au travail
2. work (do work):
work
travailler
to work long hours
travailler de longues heures
to work overtime
faire des heures supplémentaires
3. work (operate):
work
faire fonctionner
to be worked by sth
être actionné par qc
4. work (achieve):
to work sth free
parvenir à dégager qc
to work sth loose
desserrer qc
to work one's way through the crowd
se frayer un chemin à travers la foule
to work one's way up through a firm
gravir les échelons dans une entreprise
5. work (bring about):
work
opérer
to work it/things (out) so that ...
faire de sorte que ...
6. work (shape):
work
travailler
7. work (exploit):
work
exploiter
Phrases:
to work one's fingers to the bone
se saigner aux quatre veines
to work a treat Brit inf
bien marcher
working ADJ
1. working (employed):
working
qui travaille
working population
actif(-ive)
working people
ouvriers mpl
2. working (pertaining to work):
working
de travail
working lunch
d'affaires
3. working (functioning):
working
qui fonctionne
to be in good working order
être en bon état de fonctionnement
to have a working knowledge of English
avoir des bases d'anglais
in the PONS Dictionary
working class N
working class
classe f ouvrière
working-class ADJ
working-class
ouvrier(-ère)
in the PONS Dictionary
English
English
French
French
the middle/working class
la classe moyenne/ouvrière
French
French
English
English
les milieux populaires
the working class
prolétaire
working-class
ouvrier (-ière) classe, mouvement, quartier, syndicat
working-class
être d'origine populaire
to have a working-class background
quartier populaire
working-class area
être d'origine française/ouvrière
to have French origins/a working-class background
classe ouvrière/dirigeante
working/ruling class
in the PONS Dictionary
I. class [klæs] N
1. class (student group):
class
classe f
2. class (lesson):
class
cours m
3. class UNIV (graduates):
class
promotion f
the class of 2007
la promotion de 2007
4. class (quality):
the middle/working class
la classe moyenne/ouvrière
the upper class
la haute société
5. class (grade):
class
classe f
Phrases:
to be in a class of one's own
être le meilleur dans sa catégorie
II. class <inv> [klæs] ADJ
class
de classe
world-class champion
champion m hors pair
III. class [klæs] VB trans
class
classer
to class sb as sth
considérer qn comme qc
working ADJ
1. working (employed):
working
qui travaille
working population
actif(-ive)
working people
ouvriers mpl
2. working (pertaining to work):
working
de travail
working lunch
d'affaires
3. working (functioning):
working
qui fonctionne
to be in good working order
être en bon état de fonctionnement
to have a working knowledge of English
avoir des bases d'anglais
I. work [wɜrk] N
1. work (useful activity):
work
travail m
to be at work
être au travail
it's hard work doing sth
c'est dur de faire qc
to put a lot of work into sth
beaucoup travailler sur qc
it needs more work essay
il faut retravailler ça
to do some work on the car/house
faire quelques réparations sur la voiture/dans la maison
she's at work on a novel
elle travaille sur un roman
2. work (employment):
work
emploi m
to be in work
travailler
to be out of work
être sans emploi
to get work as a translator
trouver un emploi en tant que traducteur
3. work (place):
work
travail m
to be at work
être au travail
to leave for work
partir travailler
4. work (sth produced by sb):
work
travail m
work in leather
travail sur cuir
to be sb's work
être l'œuvre f de qn
the work of professional thieves/a craftsman
l'œuvre de voleurs professionnels/d'un artisan
a work by Picasso
une œuvre de Picasso
works of art in bronze
œuvres fpl d'art en bronze
5. work pl, + sing/pl vb (factory):
work
usine f
6. work pl (working parts):
work a. fig
rouages mpl
7. work pl inf (everything):
the works
la totale
Phrases:
to have one's work cut out for oneself
peiner à faire qc
II. work [wɜrk] VB intr
1. work (be busy, do job):
work
travailler
to work for peace
œuvrer pour la paix
2. work (function):
work
marcher
to get sth to work
faire marcher qc
to work on batteries
fonctionner avec des piles
3. work (have effect):
work
faire effet
to work against sb/sth
agir contre qn/qc
to work for sb
agir en faveur de qn
to work both ways
agir dans les deux sens
4. work (make progress toward sth):
to work round to doing sth
réussir à faire qc
to work free
se libérer
to work loose
se desserrer
Phrases:
to work like a charm
fonctionner comme un charme
to work till you drop
travailler comme un forçat
III. work [wɜrk] VB trans
1. work (make sb work):
work
faire travailler
to work oneself to death
se tuer au travail
2. work (do work):
work
travailler
to work long hours
travailler de longues heures
to work overtime
faire des heures supplémentaires
3. work (operate):
work
faire fonctionner
to be worked by sth
être actionné par qc
4. work (achieve):
to work sth free
parvenir à dégager qc
to work sth loose
desserrer qc
to work one's way through the crowd
se frayer un chemin à travers la foule
to work one's way up through a company
gravir les échelons dans une entreprise
5. work (bring about):
work
opérer
to work it/things (out) so that ...
faire de sorte que ...
6. work (shape):
work
travailler
7. work (exploit):
work
exploiter
Phrases:
to work one's fingers to the bone
se saigner aux quatre veines
Present
Iwork
youwork
he/she/itworks
wework
youwork
theywork
Past
Iworked
youworked
he/she/itworked
weworked
youworked
theyworked
Present Perfect
Ihaveworked
youhaveworked
he/she/ithasworked
wehaveworked
youhaveworked
theyhaveworked
Past Perfect
Ihadworked
youhadworked
he/she/ithadworked
wehadworked
youhadworked
theyhadworked
See further verb tables
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Monolingual examples (not verified by PONS Editors)
The eldest of four sisters and three brothers, he was raised in a poor, working-class family.
en.wikipedia.org
Unfortunately though the houses may have been more modest, they were still too expensive for many working-class people.
en.wikipedia.org
With his soft voice and romantic style, he appealed beyond bachata's usual working-class audience.
en.wikipedia.org
Following his departure, the tenants of the building began to reflect the working-class population of the area.
en.wikipedia.org
They are ordinary working-class people who blame society for their sufferings.
en.wikipedia.org

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